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| This Outline covers Chapters One through Four in the textbook. Four a Chapter Five Outline see the Organization of Congress PowerPoint. For an Outline of Chapter Six see the Development of Congressional Powers Handout. For Chapter Seven see How a Bill Becomes a Law Chart and Outline for Sections 2-4 in Chapter Seven Handouts. Printable Version - Click here for a PDF version. The printable versions does not have the links to handouts and websites found in the outline below. I. People and Government A. Principles of Government 1. The State a) Aristotle b) Nation c) Nation-state 2. Essential Features of a State a) Population (1) Consensus b) Territory c) Sovereignty d) Government 3. Theories of the Origin of the State a) Evolutionary Theory b) Force Theory c) Devine Right Theory d) Social Contract Theory (1) Thomas Hobbes (2) John Locke 4. The Purposes of Government a) Maintaining Social Order b) Providing Public Services c) Providing National Security d) Making Economic Decisions B. The Formation of Governments 1. Government Systems a) Unitary System b) Federal System (1) Confederacy 2. Constitutions and Government – Constitution – Constitutional Government a) Incomplete Guides b) A Statement of Goals (1) Preamble c) A Framework for Government d) The Highest law (1) Constitutional Law 3. Politics and Government – Politics a) Seeking Government Benefits b) Importance of Politics c) Special interests (1) The Federalist 4. Governing in the Twentieth Century a) Major Inequalities Among States (1) Industrialized nations (2) Developing Nations b) Growing Interdependence c) Nonstate international groups C. Types of Government 1. Major Types of Government a) Autocracy (1) Totalitarian Dictatorship (2) Monarchy (a) Absolute Monarchs (b) Constitutional Monarchs b) Oligarchy c) Democracy (1) Direct democracy (2) Representative Democracy (a) Republic 2. Characteristics of Democracy a) Individual liberty b) Majority Rule with Minority rights c) Free Elections (1) One Person one Vote d) Competing Political Parties (1) Political Party 3. The Soil of Democracy a) Active Citizen Participation b) A Favorable Economy (1) Free Enterprise c) Widespread Education d) Strong Civil Society e) A Social Consensus D. Economic Theories – Economics 1. The Role of Economic Systems 2. Capitalism a) Origins of Capitalism (1) Free Market (2) Adam Smith (3) Laissez Faire b) Free Enterprise in the United States c) Governmental Influence d) Mixed Market Economy 3. Socialism a) Democratic Socialism 4. Communism a) Founder (1) Karl Marx (2) Bourgeoisie (3) Proletariat b) Class Struggles (1) Communism c) Communism as a Command Economy (1) Command Economy II. Origins of American Government A. The Colonial Period 1. An English Political Heritage a) Limited Government (1) Magna Carta b) Petition of Right c) English Bill of Rights d) Representative Government e) The Ideas of John Locke 2. Government in the Colonies a) Written Constitutions (1) Mayflower Compact b) Colonial Legislatures c) Separation of Powers B. Uniting for Independence 1. The Colonies on Their Own a) Britain Tightens Control b) Taxing the Colonies (1) Stamp Act (2) Revenue (3) Intolerable Acts 2. Colonial Unity a) Taking Action (1) Committees of Correspondence b) The First Continental Congress (1) Embargo c) The Second Continental Congress 3. Independence a) The Declaration of Independence b) Key Parts of the Declaration c) The First State Constitutions C. The Articles of Confederation 1. Government Under the Articles a) Ratified b) Unicameral 3. Achievements a) Northwest Ordinance 4. Need for Stronger Government a) Growing Problems b) Shays’ Rebellion c) The Annapolis Convention D. The Constitutional Convention 1. The Convention Begins a) The Father of the Constitution b) Organization c) Key Agreements 2. Decisions and Compromises a) The Virginia Plan b) The New Jersey Plan c) The Connecticut (Great) Compromise d) The Three Fifths Compromise e) Compromise on Commerce and the Slave Trade (1) Interstate Commerce f) The Slavery Question g) Other Compromises 3. Ratifying the Constitution a) The Federalists and Anti-Federalists (1) Extralegal (2) Patrick Henry (3) Anarchy b) Progress Toward Ratification c) Launching a New State III. The Constitution A. Structure and Principles 1. Structure a) The Preamble b) Seven Articles (1) Jurisdiction (2) Supremacy Clause c) The Amendments 2. Major Principles a) Popular Sovereignty b) Federalism c) Separation of Powers (1) Veto e) Judicial Review (1) Marbury v. Madison f) Limited Government B. Three Branches of Government 1. The Legislative Branch a) Enumerated powers (1) Expressed powers (2) Elastic Clause (3) McCulloch v. Maryland b) Congress Then and Now 2. The Executive Branch a) Vague Constitutional Powers b) Specific Powers c) The Presidency Then and Now 3. The Judicial Branch a) Jurisdiction of Federal Courts b) Federal Courts Then and Now 4. Shared Power and Conflict a) The President and Legislator b) The President v. Congress c) Congress v. the Courts d) The Supreme Court v. the President C. Amending the Constitution 1. The Amendment Process a) Proposing Amendments b) Ratifying Amendments c) Congress Sets the Rules 2. Informal Changes a) Changes through Law b) Changes Through Practices 3. Informal Presidential Changes a) Presidential Succession b) Foreign Affairs (1) Treaty (2) Executive Agreement c) Domestic Affairs 4. Court Decisions a) Judicial Review (1) Judicial Restraint (2) Judicial Activism b) Changing Court Rulings 5. Changes Through Custom and Usage D. The Amendments a) The First Amendment (1) Prior Restraint b) Freedom Within Limits (1) Libel c) The Second Amendment d) The Third Amendment e) The Fourth Amendment (1) Probable Cause (2) Search Warrant (3) Arrest Warrant f) The Fifth Amendment (1) Due Process of Law (2) Eminent Domain g) The Sixth Amendment h) The Seventh Amendment i) The Eighth Amendment j) The Ninth Amendment k) The Tenth Amendment a) See The Amendments Handout IV. The Federal System A. National and State Powers 1. The Division of Powers 2. National Powers a) Delegated Powers (1) Expressed Powers (a) Enumerated powers (2) Implied powers (a) Necessary and Proper Clause (b) Elastic Clause (3) Inherent Powers 3. The States and the Nation a) Reserved Powers b) The Supremacy Clause c) Concurrent Powers d) Denied powers B. Relations Among States 1. Interstate Relations a) Full Faith and Credit b) Extradition |
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